South Zone

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Left photo by Ana Luiza de Abreu (2015) / Right photo by Augusto Malta (1906) (IMS archive)
From Estrada da Vista Chinesa in Tijuca National Park, visitors can look down on the neighborhoods of Leblon and Ipanema, built over the course of the 20th century, and the Rodrigo de Freitas Lagoon.
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Leblon and Morro Dois Irmãos

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Left photo by Ana Luiza Abreu (2015) / Right photo by Augusto Malta (1919) (IMS archive)
This road was built in 1919 to address the real estate development in the area. Today it includes a bicycle lane and luxury apartments and hotels.
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Gávea and Rocinha

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Left photo by Ailton Silva (2015) / Right photo by Augusto Malta (undated) (IMS archive)
These two pictures were taken from the roof of one of the buildings at the Jockey Club Brasileiro, in Gávea’s Santos Dumont Square. The club is home to the largest racetrack in Brazil, which has long served as a gathering space for Rio’s elite.

 

The right photography provides a view of the mansions on Rua Marquês de São Vicente, as well as of the Church of Nossa Senhora da Conceição. In the left photography, however, the high-rise buildings obscure the vie of the church. Instead, between Morro Dois Irmãos, Pedra da Gávea, and part of the Tijuca Forest, several subregions of Rocinha (Um Nove Nove, Laboriaux, and the Terreirão of Rua Um) are visible, as is part of Parque da Cidade, the favela located in Alto da Gávea.

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Ipanema, Leblon and Vidigal

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Left photo by Ana Luiza de Abreu (2015) / Right photo by José Medeiros (1952) (IMS archive)
This is the view of the beaches of Ipanema and Leblon. Vidigal and Avenida Niemeyer are visible in left part of the background, on the slope of Morro Dois Irmãos.
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Rocinha and Morro Dois Irmãos

home / points of view / Rocinha and Morro Dois Irmãos

Left photo by Ailton Silva (2015) / Right photo by Augusto Malta (1902) (IMS archive)
At the beginning of the 20th century, the region depicted here was known as “streetcar turn,” because it was the end of the streetcar line. Today, this street is commonly used by Rocinha residents to travel between Gávea and Rocinha.
Where homes have been built on the steep slope, the rock has been fortified with containment projects to protect residents from landslides.
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São Conrado and Pedra da Gávea

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Left photo by Ailton Silva (2015) / Right photo by Augusto Malta (1924) (IMS archive)
Construction of the highway Autoestrada Lagoa-Barra allowed the city to expand westward along the coast toward what is now Barra da Tijuca. The highway’s completion in the mid-1970s intensified the real estate development of São Conrado and contributed to the expansion of Rocinha.
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Rocinha, São Conrado and Pedra da Gávea

home / points of view / Rocinha and Pedra da Gávea

Left photo by Ailton Silva (2015) / Right photo by Marc Ferrez (1885) (IMS archive)
In the right photo, a stream is visible among the scattered houses. In the left photo, a partial view of São Conrado and Rocinha reveals densely packed, diverse structures. Of special note are the Rocinha footbridge and the Hotel Nacional, both designed by Oscar Niemeyer.
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Avenida Niemeyer and Pedra da Gávea

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Left photo by Ailton Silva (2015) / Right photo by Armando Pittigliani (1922) (IMS archive)
Avenida Niemeyer was built in 1916 in response to rapid urban expansion. In the 1930s and ’40s, a particularly curvy part of Avenida Niemeyer – incidentally located in the area that would later become Rocinha – was used as an automobile racetrack, called the Circuito da Gávea. Luxury homes, hotels, and the favela of Vidigal were eventually built along the road.
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São Conrado and Rocinha

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Left photo by Ailton Silva (2015) / Right photo by Marc Ferrez (1885) (IMS archive)
The forest covers more ground in the left photo, which also offers a view of Rocinha and São Conrado, the Gávea Golf Club, the Hotel Nacional, and part of Avenida Niemeyer. The right photo depicts the early stages of reforestation, initiated in 1862, with Morro Dois Irmãos (Two Brothers Mountain) in the background.
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